Non-epileptic seizures, usually called functional or dissociative seizures, can look almost identical to seizures caused by epilepsy but work in a completely different way. They are involuntary and real, they are not caused by disrupted electrical activity in the brain, and anti-seizure medications (ASMs) do not control them. The immediate first aid is much the…

A tonic-clonic seizure is the type most people picture: the body stiffens, then jerks rhythmically, and the person is unconscious throughout. Most last between one and three minutes. The response is to time it, protect the person from injury, avoid restraining them, place them in the recovery position once the movements stop, and call 999…